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Côte-Rôtie AOC
Côte-Rôtie is a French wine ''Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée'' (AOC) in the northern Rhône wine region of France. The vineyards are located just south of Vienne in the communes of Saint-Cyr-sur-le-Rhône, Ampuis, and Tupin-et-Semons.〔(Inter Rhône: Côte-Rôtie ) Retrieved 19 January 2010〕 The vineyards are unique because of the steep slopes facing the river and their stone walls. ''Côte-Rôtie'' can be rendered in English as "the roasted slope" and refers to the long hours of sunlight that these steep slopes receive.〔E. McCarthy & M. Ewing-Mulligan ''"French Wine for Dummies"'' pg 127-128 Wiley Publishing 2001 ISBN 0-7645-5354-2〕
The wines are red, made with Syrah grapes and up to 20% Viognier, a white grape used for its aroma. According to appellation rules, Syrah and Viognier must be fermented at the same time, a process known as cofermentation. Because of this combination, Côte-Rôtie wine typically exhibits an almost paradoxical pairing of meat aromas (including bacon) and floral aromas. However, even Côte-Rôtie from 100% Syrah can smell floral.〔
==Climate and geography==
The Côte-Rôtie has a continental climate that is very different from the more Mediterranean climate of the southern Rhône. Winters are wet and marked by the cold ''mistral'' winds that can last into the spring. During the late spring and early autumn, fog can settle on the vineyards making ripening of the grapes a challenge.〔K. MacNeil ''The Wine Bible'' pg 235-239 Workman Publishing 2001 ISBN 1-56305-434-5〕 The wine region covers 202 hectares (nearly 500 acres) along the western bank of the Rhône River near the village of Ampuis. In the Côte-Rôtie, the Rhône flows southwest for . To maximize the amount of sunshine that the vines receive (especially with that fog that often develops near the grapeharvest time), vineyards will more often be planted on the south or southeast facing slopes along this part of the river. The Côte-Rôtie is sub-divided into two main sections of varying soil compositions-The Côte Brune ("brown slope") in the north on dark, iron-rich schist and the Côte Blonde with its pale granite and schist soil.〔 Erosion is a common viticultural hazard with the steep vineyards because the granite and schist soils are vital in retaining heat throughout the day to protect the vines from the chilly temperatures during the ''mistral'' seasons. Stone walls are built around the lands and the hillsides are often heavily terraced to try and counter the issues. Some vineyards owners gather the eroded soils and rocks in buckets and carry them back up the slope to the vines.〔
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